Footwear Manufacturing
Description
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing footwear (except orthopedic extension footwear). Illustrative Examples: Athletic shoes manufacturing Ballet slippers manufacturing Cleated athletic shoes manufacturing Shoes, children's and infants' (except orthopedic extension), manufacturing Shoes, men's (except orthopedic extension), manufacturing Shoes, women's (except orthopedic extension), manufacturing
Hierarchy
| Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 31 | Manufacturing 2-digit sector | The Sector as a Whole The Manufacturing sector comprises establishments engaged in the mechanical, physical, or chemical transformation of materials, substances, or components into new products. The assembling of component parts of manufactured products is considered manufacturing, except in cases where the activity is appropriately classified in Sector 23, Construction. Establishments in the Manufacturing sector are often described as plants, factories, or mills and characteristically use power-driven machines and material handling equipment. However, establishments that transform materials or substances into new products by hand or in the worker's home and those engaged in selling to the general public products made on the same premises from which they are sold, such as bakeries, candy stores, and custom tailors, may also be included in this sector. Manufacturing establishments may process materials or may contract with other establishments to process their materials for them. Both types of establishments are included in manufacturing. Selected industries in the Manufacturing sector are comprised solely of establishments that process materials for other establishments on a contract or fee basis. Beyond these dedicated contract manufacturing industries, establishments that process materials for other establishments are generally classified in the Manufacturing industry of the processed materials. The materials, substances, or components transformed by manufacturing establishments are raw materials that are products of agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining, or quarrying as well as products of other manufacturing establishments. The materials used may be purchased directly from producers, obtained through customary trade channels, or secured without recourse to the market by transferring the product from one establishment to another, under the same ownership. The new product of a manufacturing establishment may be finished in the sense that it is ready for utilization or consumption, or it may be semi-finished to become an input for an establishment engaged in further manufacturing. For example, the product of the alumina refinery is the input used in the primary production of aluminum; primary aluminum is the input to an aluminum wire drawing plant; and aluminum wire is the input for a fabricated wire product manufacturing establishment. The subsectors in the Manufacturing sector generally reflect distinct production processes related to material inputs, production equipment, and employee skills. In the machinery area, where assembling is a key activity, parts and accessories for manufactured products are classified in the industry of the finished manufactured item when they are made for separate sale. For example, an attachment for a piece of metalworking machinery would be classified with metalworking machinery. However, component inputs from other manufacturing establishments are classified based on the production function of the component manufacturer. For example, electronic components are classified in Subsector 334, Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing, and stampings are classified in Subsector 332, Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing. Manufacturing establishments often perform one or more activities that are classified outside the Manufacturing sector of NAICS. For instance, almost all manufacturing has some captive research and development or administrative operations, such as accounting, payroll, or management. These captive services are treated the same as captive manufacturing activities. When the services are provided by separate establishments, they are classified in the NAICS sector where such services are primary, not in manufacturing. The boundaries of manufacturing and the other sectors of the classification system can be somewhat blurry. The establishments in the Manufacturing sector are engaged in the transformation of materials into new products. Their output is a new product. However, the definition of what constitutes a new product can be somewhat subjective. As clarification, the following activities are considered manufacturing in NAICS: <table width=100%><tr><td width=10%> </td><td><dl><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Milk bottling and pasteurizing;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Water bottling and processing;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Fresh fish packaging (oyster<br/> shucking, fish filleting);</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Apparel jobbing (assigning<br/> materials to contract<br/> factories or shops for<br/> fabrication or other contract<br/> operations) as well as<br/> contracting on materials<br/> owned by others;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Printing and related activities;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Ready-mix concrete production;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Leather converting;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Grinding lenses to<br/> prescription;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Wood preserving;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Lapidary work for the trade;</dt></dl></td><td width=10%> </td><td><dl><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Electroplating, plating, metal<br/> heat treating, and<br/> polishing for the trade;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Fabricating signs and<br/> advertising displays;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Rebuilding or remanufacturing<br/> machinery (i.e., automotive<br/> parts);</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Making manufactured homes<br/> (i.e., mobile homes) or<br/> prefabricated buildings,<br/> whether or not assembling/<br/> erecting at the customers'<br/> site;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Ship repair and renovation;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Machine shops; and</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Tire retreading.</dt></dl></td><td width=10%> </td></tr></table> Conversely, there are activities that are sometimes considered manufacturing, but which for NAICS are classified in another sector (i.e., not classified as manufacturing). They include: 1. Logging, classified in Sector 11, Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting, is considered a harvesting operation; 2. Beneficiating ores and other minerals, classified in Sector 21, Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction, is considered part of the activity of mining; 3. Constructing structures, assembling prefabricated buildings, and fabricating at the construction site by contractors are classified in Sector 23, Construction; 4. Breaking bulk and reselling in smaller lots, including packaging, repackaging, or bottling products, such as liquors or chemicals; assembling and selling computers on a custom basis; sorting and reselling scrap; mixing and selling paints to customer order; and cutting metals to customer order for resale are classified in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade, or Sector 44-45, Retail Trade; and 5. Publishing and the combined activity of publishing and printing, classified in Sector 51, Information, transform information into a product for which the value to the consumer lies in the information content, not in the format in which it is distributed (i.e., the book or software compact disc). |
| 316 | Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing 3-digit subsector | Establishments in the Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing subsector transform hides into leather by tanning or curing and fabricating the leather into products for final consumption. This subsector also includes the manufacture of similar products from other materials, including products (except apparel) made from "leather substitutes," such as rubber, plastics, or textiles. Rubber footwear, textile luggage, and plastics purses or wallets are examples of "leather substitute" products included in this subsector. The products made from leather substitutes are included in this subsector because they are made in similar ways leather products are made (e.g., luggage). They are made in the same establishments, so it is not practical to separate them. The inclusion of leather and hide tanning and finishing in this subsector is partly because it is a relatively small industry that has few close neighbors as a production process, partly because leather is an input to some of the other products classified in this subsector, and partly for historical reasons. |
| 3162 | Footwear Manufacturing 4-digit industry group | Establishments in the Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing subsector transform hides into leather by tanning or curing and fabricating the leather into products for final consumption. This subsector also includes the manufacture of similar products from other materials, including products (except apparel) made from "leather substitutes," such as rubber, plastics, or textiles. Rubber footwear, textile luggage, and plastics purses or wallets are examples of "leather substitute" products included in this subsector. The products made from leather substitutes are included in this subsector because they are made in similar ways leather products are made (e.g., luggage). They are made in the same establishments, so it is not practical to separate them. The inclusion of leather and hide tanning and finishing in this subsector is partly because it is a relatively small industry that has few close neighbors as a production process, partly because leather is an input to some of the other products classified in this subsector, and partly for historical reasons. |
| 31621 | Footwear Manufacturing 5-digit NAICS industry | See industry description for 316210. |
| 316210 | Footwear Manufacturing 6-digit U.S. detail | This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing footwear (except orthopedic extension footwear). Illustrative Examples: Athletic shoes manufacturing Ballet slippers manufacturing Cleated athletic shoes manufacturing Shoes, children's and infants' (except orthopedic extension), manufacturing Shoes, men's (except orthopedic extension), manufacturing Shoes, women's (except orthopedic extension), manufacturing |
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Classification References
- 01Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing orthopedic extension footwear are classified in U.S. Industry 339113, Surgical Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing.
Index Items
Arctics, plastics or plastics soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Arctics, rubber or rubber soled fabric, manufacturing
Athletic shoes manufacturing
Athletic shoes, plastics or plastics soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Athletic shoes, rubber or rubber soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Ballet slippers manufacturing
Beach sandals, plastics or plastics soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Beach sandals, rubber or rubber soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Boots, dress and casual, children's and infants', manufacturing
Boots, dress and casual, men's, manufacturing
Boots, dress and casual, women's, manufacturing
Boots, hiking, children's and infants', manufacturing
Boots, hiking, men's, manufacturing
Boots, hiking, women's, manufacturing
Boots, plastics or plastics soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Boots, rubber or rubber soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Canvas shoes, plastics soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Canvas shoes, rubber soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Casual shoes, children's and infants', manufacturing
Casual shoes, men's, manufacturing
Casual shoes, women's, manufacturing
Children's shoes (except orthopedic extension) manufacturing
Cleated athletic shoes manufacturing
Climbing shoes, plastics or plastics soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Climbing shoes, rubber or rubber soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Dress shoes, children's and infants', manufacturing
Dress shoes, men's, manufacturing
Dress shoes, women's, manufacturing
Footholds, plastics or plastics soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Footholds, rubber or rubber soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Footwear, athletic, manufacturing
Footwear, children's (except orthopedic extension), manufacturing
Footwear, children's, leather or vinyl upper with rubber or plastics soles, manufacturing
Footwear, men's (except orthopedic extension), manufacturing
Footwear, men's leather or vinyl upper with rubber or plastics soles, manufacturing
Footwear, plastics or plastics soled fabric uppers, manufacturing
Footwear, women's (except orthopedic extension), manufacturing
Footwear, women's leather or vinyl upper with rubber or plastics soles, manufacturing
Gaiters, plastics or plastics soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Gaiters, rubber or rubber soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Galoshes, plastics or plastics soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Galoshes, rubber, or rubber soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Golf shoes, men's cleated, manufacturing
Golf shoes, women's cleated, manufacturing
House slippers manufacturing
House slippers, plastics or plastics soled fabric upper, manufacturing
House slippers, rubber or rubber soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Infant's shoes manufacturing
Leather footwear manufacturing
Leather footwear, men's, manufacturing
Leather footwear, slippers, manufacturing
Leather footwear, women's, manufacturing
Leather house slippers manufacturing
Leather upper athletic footwear manufacturing
Moccasins manufacturing
Orthopedic shoes (except extension shoes), children's, manufacturing
Orthopedic shoes (except extension shoes), men's, manufacturing
Orthopedic shoes (except extension shoes), women's, manufacturing
Overshoes, plastics or plastics soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Overshoes, rubber, or rubber soled fabric, manufacturing
Pacs, plastics or plastics soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Pacs, rubber or rubber soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Protective footwear, plastics or plastics soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Protective footwear, rubber or rubber soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Pumps (i.e., dress shoes) manufacturing
Sandals, children's, manufacturing
Sandals, men's footwear, manufacturing
Sandals, plastics or plastics soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Sandals, rubber or rubber soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Sandals, women's footwear, manufacturing
Shoes, athletic, manufacturing
Shoes, ballet, manufacturing
Shoes, children's and infant's (except orthopedic extension), manufacturing
Shoes, cleated or spiked, all materials, manufacturing
Shoes, men's (except orthopedic extension), manufacturing
Shoes, plastics or plastics soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Shoes, rubber or rubber soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Shoes, theatrical, manufacturing
Shoes, women's (except orthopedic extension), manufacturing
Shoes, wooden, manufacturing
Shower sandals or slippers, rubber, manufacturing
Slipper socks made from purchased socks
Slippers, ballet, manufacturing
Slippers, house, manufacturing
Socks, slipper, made from purchased socks
Vinyl upper athletic footwear manufacturing
Water shoes, plastics or plastics soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Water shoes, rubber or rubber soled fabric upper, manufacturing
Work shoes manufacturing
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External Resources
Census.gov NAICS Detail
Official US Census Bureau definition and scope for NAICS 316210.
National Footwear Association
The leading trade association representing footwear manufacturers and suppliers in North America.
U.S. Census Bureau Footwear Manufacturing
Official government data and statistical analysis for the footwear manufacturing industry sector.
Footwear.com Industry Directory
An online business directory for footwear manufacturers, distributors, and retailers.
