6-digit U.S. detail
331410
非鉄金属（アルミニウムを除く）の精錬と製錬
Description
この産業は、主に（1）鉱石を非鉄金属に製錬し、または/および（2）電気分解またはその他のプロセスによる非鉄金属（アルミニウムを除く）の主要な精錬に主に従事する事業を包含します。
Hierarchy
| Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 33 | Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 2-digit sector | The Sector as a Whole The Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining sector comprises establishments engaged in the smelting and refining of nonferrous metals, such as copper, lead, gold, silver, and zinc, from ore, pig, or scrap. These establishments use electrometallurgical and other process metallurgical techniques to extract and purify the metals. The output of smelting and refining, usually in ingot form, is used in rolling, drawing, and extruding operations to make sheet, strip, bar, rod, or wire, and in molten form to make castings and other basic metal products. Establishments in the Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining sector are often described as smelters, refineries, or foundries and characteristically use power-driven machines and material handling equipment. However, establishments that transform materials or substances into new products by hand or in the worker's home and those engaged in selling to the general public products made on the same premises from which they are sold, such as bakeries, candy stores, and custom tailors, may also be included in this sector. Smelting and refining establishments may process materials or may contract with other establishments to process their materials for them. Both types of establishments are included in smelting and refining. Selected industries in the Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining sector are comprised solely of establishments that process materials for other establishments on a contract or fee basis. Beyond these dedicated contract manufacturing industries, establishments that process materials for other establishments are generally classified in the Smelting and Refining industry of the processed materials. The materials, substances, or components transformed by smelting and refining establishments are raw materials that are products of agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining, or quarrying as well as products of other manufacturing establishments. The materials used may be purchased directly from producers, obtained through customary trade channels, or secured without recourse to the market by transferring the product from one establishment to another, under the same ownership. The new product of a smelting and refining establishment may be finished in the sense that it is ready for utilization or consumption, or it may be semi-finished to become an input for an establishment engaged in further manufacturing. For example, the product of the copper refinery is the input used in the primary production of copper; primary copper is the input to an copper wire drawing plant; and copper wire is the input for a fabricated wire product manufacturing establishment. The subsectors in the Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining sector generally reflect distinct production processes related to material inputs, production equipment, and employee skills. In the machinery area, where assembling is a key activity, parts and accessories for manufactured products are classified in the industry of the finished manufactured item when they are made for separate sale. For example, an attachment for a piece of metalworking machinery would be classified with metalworking machinery. However, component inputs from other manufacturing establishments are classified based on the production function of the component manufacturer. For example, electronic components are classified in Subsector 334, Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing, and stampings are classified in Subsector 332, Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing. Smelting and refining establishments often perform one or more activities that are classified outside the Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining sector of NAICS. For instance, almost all smelting and refining has some captive research and development or administrative operations, such as accounting, payroll, or management. These captive services are treated the same as captive manufacturing activities. When the services are provided by separate establishments, they are classified in the NAICS sector where such services are primary, not in smelting and refining. The boundaries of smelting and refining and the other sectors of the classification system can be somewhat blurry. The establishments in the Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining sector are engaged in the transformation of materials into new products. Their output is a new product. However, the definition of what constitutes a new product can be somewhat subjective. As clarification, the following activities are considered smelting and refining in NAICS: <table width=100%><tr><td width=10%> </td><td><dl><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Copper smelting and refining;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Lead smelting and refining;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Gold smelting and refining;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Silver smelting and refining;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Zinc smelting and refining;</dt></dl></td><td width=10%> </td><td><dl><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Electroplating, plating, metal<br/> heat treating, and<br/> polishing for the trade;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Fabricating signs and<br/> advertising displays;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Rebuilding or remanufacturing<br/> machinery (i.e., automotive<br/> parts);</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Making manufactured homes<br/> (i.e., mobile homes) or<br/> prefabricated buildings,<br/> whether or not assembling/<br/> erecting at the customers'<br/> site;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Ship repair and renovation;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Machine shops; and</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Tire retreading.</dt></dl></td><td width=10%> </td></tr></table> Conversely, there are activities that are sometimes considered smelting and refining, but which for NAICS are classified in another sector (i.e., not classified as smelting and refining). They include: 1. Logging, classified in Sector 11, Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting, is considered a harvesting operation; 2. Beneficiating ores and other minerals, classified in Sector 21, Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction, is considered part of the activity of mining; 3. Constructing structures, assembling prefabricated buildings, and fabricating at the construction site by contractors are classified in Sector 23, Construction; 4. Breaking bulk and reselling in smaller lots, including packaging, repackaging, or bottling products, such as liquors or chemicals; assembling and selling computers on a custom basis; sorting and reselling scrap; mixing and selling paints to customer order; and cutting metals to customer order for resale are classified in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade, or Sector 44-45, Retail Trade; and 5. Publishing and the combined activity of publishing and printing, classified in Sector 51, Information, transform information into a product for which the value to the consumer lies in the information content, not in the format in which it is distributed (i.e., the book or software compact disc). |
| 331 | Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 3-digit subsector | Industries in the Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining subsector smelt and/or refine nonferrous metals from ore, pig, or scrap, using electrometallurgical and other process metallurgical techniques. Establishments in this subsector also manufacture metal alloys and superalloys by introducing other chemical elements to pure metals. The output of smelting and refining, usually in ingot form, is used in rolling, drawing, and extruding operations to make sheet, strip, bar, rod, or wire, and in molten form to make castings and other basic metal products. |
| 3314 | Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Production and Processing 4-digit industry group | This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in nonferrous metal (except aluminum) smelting, refining, rolling, drawing, extruding, and alloying. |
| 33141 | Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 5-digit NAICS industry | See industry description for 331410. |
| 331410 | 非鉄金属（アルミニウムを除く）の精錬と製錬 6-digit U.S. detail | この産業は、主に（1）鉱石を非鉄金属に製錬し、または/および（2）電気分解またはその他のプロセスによる非鉄金属（アルミニウムを除く）の主要な精錬に主に従事する事業を包含します。 |
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Classification References
- 01銅およびその他の非鉄金属の採掘および精製（金および銀の金塊を含む）、溶媒抽出または電気採掘などのプロセスによる分類
- 02スクラップまたはドロスおよび/または購入した銅からの銅または銅合金の回収、および/または購入した銅の圧延、引き抜き、押し出しを行う分類
- 03購入した非鉄金属（銅およびアルミニウムを除く）または購入した非鉄金属（銅およびアルミニウムを除く）からの非鉄金属（銅およびアルミニウムを除く）の形状（圧延、引き抜き、押し出しを含む）の製造
- 04購入した非鉄金属（銅およびアルミニウムを除く）からの非鉄金属（銅およびアルミニウムを除く）の圧延、引き抜き、押し出し
- 05アルミニウムをアルミナから製造
- 06異なる種類の材料（紙、プラスチック、使用済み飲料缶、金属など）を別々に分類する施設（溶媒抽出または精製を行わない）の運営
- 07溶媒抽出または精製を行わない状態でスクラップ金属の選別、破砕、卸売を行う
Index Items
アンチモニーの精製、初級
銅の金塊を製造する精製および精製工場で作られたバー
ベリリウムの精製、初級
ビスムスの精製、初級
ブラス銅の製造
カドミウムの精製、初級
クロムの精製、初級
コバルトの精製、初級
銅合金を銅の金塊を製造する精製および精製工場で作る
銅濃度の精製
銅の形状（バー、ビレット、インゴット、プレート、シートなど）を銅の金塊を製造する精製および精製工場で作る
銅の精製および精製、初級
ゲルマニウムの精製、初級
金の金塊または金塊を金属精製工場で作る
金の精製、初級
インゴット、非鉄金属（アルミニウムを除く）、初級の製造
イリジウムの精製、初級
鉛の精製および精製、初級
マグネシウムの精製、初級
ニッケルの精製、初級
ニオビウムの精製、初級
非鉄金属（アルミニウムを除く）の形状を非鉄金属の金塊を製造する精製および精製工場で作る
非鉄金属（アルミニウムを除く）を非鉄金属の金塊を製造する精製および精製工場で作る
非鉄金属（アルミニウムを除く）の精製および精製、初級
プラチナの精製、初級
貴金属の精製、初級
銅の初級精製
非鉄金属（アルミニウムを除く）の初級精製
銅の初級精製
非鉄金属（アルミニウムを除く）の初級精製
銅の精製、初級
非鉄金属および合金（アルミニウムを除く）の初級精製
ルテニウムの精製、初級
セレンの精製、初級
銀の金塊または金塊を金属精製工場で作る
銀の精製、初級
スラブ、非鉄金属（アルミニウムを除く）初級
非鉄金属の圧延、初級
タンタルの精製、初級
テルリウムの精製、初級
スズベース合金をスズの金塊を製造する精製および精製工場で作る
スズの精製、初級
チタンの精製、初級
ウランの精製、初級
亜鉛の精製、初級
ジルコニウムの精製、初級
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External Resources
Census.gov NAICS Detail
Official US Census Bureau definition and scope for NAICS 331410.
International Copper Association
Leading trade association representing the global copper industry including smelting and refining.
US Environmental Protection Agency - Copper Air Emissions
Government agency providing data and resources on air emissions from nonferrous metal industries.
Metals and Mining Research Center
Nonprofit industry group dedicated to advancing the nonferrous mining and refining sectors.
