6-digit U.S. detail
513110
新聞発行者
Description
この産業は、新聞発行者として知られる事業所で構成されています。この産業の事業所は、新聞の製造と配布に必要な業務、つまりニュースの収集、ニュース記事、特集記事、および編集の執筆、および広告の販売と準備などを行います。これらの事業所は、印刷された新聞または電子形式で新聞を発行することができ、その中でもインターネットのみに限定されます。
Hierarchy
| Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 51 | Information 2-digit sector | The Sector as a Whole The Information sector comprises establishments engaged in the following processes: (a) producing and distributing information and cultural products, (b) providing the means to transmit or distribute these products as well as data or communications, and (c) processing data. The main components of this sector are motion picture and sound recording industries; publishing industries, including software publishing; broadcasting and content providers; telecommunications industries; computing infrastructure providers, data processing, Web hosting, and related services; and Web search portals, libraries, archives, and other information services. The unique characteristics of information and cultural products, and of the processes involved in their production and distribution, distinguish the Information sector from the goods-producing and service-producing sectors. Some of these characteristics are: 1. Unlike traditional goods, an ''information or cultural product,'' such as an online newspaper or a television program, does not necessarily have tangible qualities, nor is it necessarily associated with a particular form. A movie can be viewed at a movie theater or through television broadcast, video-on-demand, or streaming services. A sound recording can be aired on radio, embedded in multimedia products, streamed, or sold at a record store. 2. Unlike traditional services, the delivery of these products does not require direct contact between the supplier and the consumer. 3. The value of these products to the consumer lies in their informational, educational, cultural, or entertainment content, not in the format in which they are distributed. Most of these products are protected from unlawful reproduction by copyright laws. 4. The intangible property aspect of information and cultural products makes the processes involved in their production and distribution very different from goods and services. Only those possessing the rights to these works are authorized to reproduce, alter, improve, and distribute them. Acquiring and using these rights often involves significant costs. In addition, technology has revolutionized the distribution of these products. It is possible to distribute them in a physical form, via broadcast, or online. 5. Distributors of information and cultural products can easily add value to the products they distribute. For instance, broadcasters add advertising not contained in the original product. This capacity means that unlike traditional goods distributors, they derive revenue not from sale of the distributed product to the final consumer, but from those who pay for the privilege of adding information to the original product. Similarly, a directory and mailing list publisher can acquire the rights to thousands of previously published newspaper and periodical articles and add new value by providing search and software and organizing the information in a way that facilitates research and retrieval. These products often command a much higher price than the original information. Excluded from this sector are establishments primarily engaged in custom design of software; mass reproducing software or other prerecorded audio and video material on magnetic or optical media; producing live artistic and cultural works or productions; and performing in or creating artistic and cultural works or productions as independent (i.e., freelance) individuals. |
| 513 | Publishing Industries 3-digit subsector | Industries in the Publishing Industries subsector group establishments engaged in publishing newspapers, magazines, other periodicals, books, directories, and software. In general, establishments known as publishers issue copies of works for which they usually possess copyright. Works may be in one or more formats including print form, CD-ROM, proprietary electronic networks, or exclusively on the Internet. Publishers may publish works originally created by others for which they have obtained the rights and/or works that they have created in-house. Publishers may publish only and license rights to others to distribute their content, or they may publish and distribute content they create or own. Software publishing is included here because the activity, creation of a copyrighted product and bringing it to market, is equivalent to the creation process for other types of intellectual products. In NAICS, publishing--the reporting, writing, editing, and other processes that are required to create an edition of a newspaper, for example--is treated as a major economic activity in its own right, rather than as a subsidiary activity to a manufacturing activity, printing. Thus, publishing is classified in the Information sector; whereas, printing is in the Manufacturing sector. The Publishing Industries subsector excludes printed products, such as manifold business forms and appointment books, for which information is not the essential component. Establishments producing these items are included in Subsector 323, Printing and Related Support Activities. Reproduction of prepackaged software is treated in NAICS as a manufacturing activity, and custom design of software to client specifications is included in the Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services sector. These distinctions arise because of the different ways that software is created, reproduced, and distributed. Music publishers and establishments primarily engaged in the production, or production and distribution, of motion pictures and sound recordings are included in Subsector 512, Motion Picture and Sound Recording Industries. Establishments not engaged in publishing and exclusively obtaining rights from publishers to broadcast and distribute content are included in Subsector 516, Broadcasting and Content Providers. |
| 5131 | Newspaper, Periodical, Book, and Directory Publishers 4-digit industry group | This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in publishing newspapers, magazines, other periodicals, books, directories and mailing lists, and other works, such as calendars, greeting cards, and maps. These works are characterized by the intellectual creativity required in their development and are usually protected by copyright. Publishers distribute or arrange for the distribution of these works. Publishing establishments may create the works in-house, or contract for, purchase, or compile works that were originally created by others. These works may be published in one or more formats, such as print and/or electronic form, including proprietary electronic networks or exclusively on the Internet. Establishments in this industry may print, reproduce, or offer direct access to the works themselves or may arrange with others to carry out such functions. Establishments that both print and publish may fill excess capacity with commercial or job printing. However, the publishing activity is still considered to be the primary activity of these establishments. |
| 51311 | Newspaper Publishers 5-digit NAICS industry | See industry description for 513110. |
| 513110 | 新聞発行者 6-digit U.S. detail | この産業は、新聞発行者として知られる事業所で構成されています。この産業の事業所は、新聞の製造と配布に必要な業務、つまりニュースの収集、ニュース記事、特集記事、および編集の執筆、および広告の販売と準備などを行います。これらの事業所は、印刷された新聞または電子形式で新聞を発行することができ、その中でもインターネットのみに限定されます。 |
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Classification References
- 01主に新聞を発行せずに印刷を行う事業所は、産業32311、印刷に分類されます。
- 02新聞やニュースレターを発行する事業所（業界団体、学校、大学、金融機関、社会福祉団体など）、ただし、一般的な新聞発行者として知られていない場合は、その主要な活動に基づいて分類されます。
- 03主に新聞を発行せずにストリーミングを行う事業所は、産業516210、メディアストリーミング配信サービス、ソーシャルネットワーク、その他のメディアネットワークおよびコンテンツプロバイダーに分類されます。
- 04主にニュースメディアに情報（ニュース、レポート、写真など）を提供する事業所は、産業516210、メディアストリーミング配信サービス、ソーシャルネットワーク、その他のメディアネットワークおよびコンテンツプロバイダーに分類されます。
- 05独立した代理店が主に広告スペースの販売に携わる事業所は、産業541840、メディア代理人に分類されます。
Index Items
インターネット新聞の発行
新聞の支店
新聞発行者
新聞発行者（ただし、独占的なインターネット発行を除く）
新聞発行者と印刷の組み合わせ
インターネットのみでの新聞発行
新聞発行者
新聞発行者（ただし、独占的なインターネット発行を除く）
新聞発行者、印刷との組み合わせ
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