Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing
Description
This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing uncompounded medicinal chemicals and their derivatives (i.e., generally for use by pharmaceutical preparation manufacturers) and/or (2) grading, grinding, and milling uncompounded botanicals.
Hierarchy
| Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 32 | Manufacturing 2-digit sector | The Sector as a Whole The Manufacturing sector comprises establishments engaged in the mechanical, physical, or chemical transformation of materials, substances, or components into new products. The assembling of component parts of manufactured products is considered manufacturing, except in cases where the activity is appropriately classified in Sector 23, Construction. Establishments in the Manufacturing sector are often described as plants, factories, or mills and characteristically use power-driven machines and material handling equipment. However, establishments that transform materials or substances into new products by hand or in the worker's home and those engaged in selling to the general public products made on the same premises from which they are sold, such as bakeries, candy stores, and custom tailors, may also be included in this sector. Manufacturing establishments may process materials or may contract with other establishments to process their materials for them. Both types of establishments are included in manufacturing. Selected industries in the Manufacturing sector are comprised solely of establishments that process materials for other establishments on a contract or fee basis. Beyond these dedicated contract manufacturing industries, establishments that process materials for other establishments are generally classified in the Manufacturing industry of the processed materials. The materials, substances, or components transformed by manufacturing establishments are raw materials that are products of agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining, or quarrying as well as products of other manufacturing establishments. The materials used may be purchased directly from producers, obtained through customary trade channels, or secured without recourse to the market by transferring the product from one establishment to another, under the same ownership. The new product of a manufacturing establishment may be finished in the sense that it is ready for utilization or consumption, or it may be semi-finished to become an input for an establishment engaged in further manufacturing. For example, the product of the alumina refinery is the input used in the primary production of aluminum; primary aluminum is the input to an aluminum wire drawing plant; and aluminum wire is the input for a fabricated wire product manufacturing establishment. The subsectors in the Manufacturing sector generally reflect distinct production processes related to material inputs, production equipment, and employee skills. In the machinery area, where assembling is a key activity, parts and accessories for manufactured products are classified in the industry of the finished manufactured item when they are made for separate sale. For example, an attachment for a piece of metalworking machinery would be classified with metalworking machinery. However, component inputs from other manufacturing establishments are classified based on the production function of the component manufacturer. For example, electronic components are classified in Subsector 334, Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing, and stampings are classified in Subsector 332, Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing. Manufacturing establishments often perform one or more activities that are classified outside the Manufacturing sector of NAICS. For instance, almost all manufacturing has some captive research and development or administrative operations, such as accounting, payroll, or management. These captive services are treated the same as captive manufacturing activities. When the services are provided by separate establishments, they are classified in the NAICS sector where such services are primary, not in manufacturing. The boundaries of manufacturing and the other sectors of the classification system can be somewhat blurry. The establishments in the Manufacturing sector are engaged in the transformation of materials into new products. Their output is a new product. However, the definition of what constitutes a new product can be somewhat subjective. As clarification, the following activities are considered manufacturing in NAICS: <table width=100%><tr><td width=10%> </td><td><dl><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Milk bottling and pasteurizing;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Water bottling and processing;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Fresh fish packaging (oyster<br/> shucking, fish filleting);</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Apparel jobbing (assigning<br/> materials to contract<br/> factories or shops for<br/> fabrication or other contract<br/> operations) as well as<br/> contracting on materials<br/> owned by others;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Printing and related activities;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Ready-mix concrete production;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Leather converting;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Grinding lenses to<br/> prescription;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Wood preserving;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Lapidary work for the trade;</dt></dl></td><td width=10%> </td><td><dl><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Electroplating, plating, metal<br/> heat treating, and<br/> polishing for the trade;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Fabricating signs and<br/> advertising displays;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Rebuilding or remanufacturing<br/> machinery (i.e., automotive<br/> parts);</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Making manufactured homes<br/> (i.e., mobile homes) or<br/> prefabricated buildings,<br/> whether or not assembling/<br/> erecting at the customers'<br/> site;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Ship repair and renovation;</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Machine shops; and</dt><dt style='padding-left: 10px; text-indent: -10px;'>Tire retreading.</dt></dl></td><td width=10%> </td></tr></table> Conversely, there are activities that are sometimes considered manufacturing, but which for NAICS are classified in another sector (i.e., not classified as manufacturing). They include: 1. Logging, classified in Sector 11, Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting, is considered a harvesting operation; 2. Beneficiating ores and other minerals, classified in Sector 21, Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction, is considered part of the activity of mining; 3. Constructing structures, assembling prefabricated buildings, and fabricating at the construction site by contractors are classified in Sector 23, Construction; 4. Breaking bulk and reselling in smaller lots, including packaging, repackaging, or bottling products, such as liquors or chemicals; assembling and selling computers on a custom basis; sorting and reselling scrap; mixing and selling paints to customer order; and cutting metals to customer order for resale are classified in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade, or Sector 44-45, Retail Trade; and 5. Publishing and the combined activity of publishing and printing, classified in Sector 51, Information, transform information into a product for which the value to the consumer lies in the information content, not in the format in which it is distributed (i.e., the book or software compact disc). |
| 325 | Chemical Manufacturing 3-digit subsector | The Chemical Manufacturing subsector is based on the transformation of organic and inorganic raw materials by a chemical process and the formulation of products. This subsector distinguishes the production of basic chemicals that comprise the first industry group from the production of intermediate and end products produced by further processing of basic chemicals that make up the remaining industry groups. This subsector does not include all industries transforming raw materials by a chemical process. It is common for some chemical processing to occur during mining operations. These beneficiating operations, such as copper concentrating, are classified in Sector 21, Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction. Furthermore, the refining of crude petroleum is included in Subsector 324, Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing. In addition, the manufacturing of aluminum oxide is included in Subsector 331, Primary Metal Manufacturing; and beverage distilleries are classified in Subsector 312, Beverage and Tobacco Product Manufacturing. As is the case of these two activities, the grouping of industries into subsectors may take into account the association of the activities performed with other activities in the subsector. |
| 3254 | Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing 4-digit industry group | The Chemical Manufacturing subsector is based on the transformation of organic and inorganic raw materials by a chemical process and the formulation of products. This subsector distinguishes the production of basic chemicals that comprise the first industry group from the production of intermediate and end products produced by further processing of basic chemicals that make up the remaining industry groups. This subsector does not include all industries transforming raw materials by a chemical process. It is common for some chemical processing to occur during mining operations. These beneficiating operations, such as copper concentrating, are classified in Sector 21, Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction. Furthermore, the refining of crude petroleum is included in Subsector 324, Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing. In addition, the manufacturing of aluminum oxide is included in Subsector 331, Primary Metal Manufacturing; and beverage distilleries are classified in Subsector 312, Beverage and Tobacco Product Manufacturing. As is the case of these two activities, the grouping of industries into subsectors may take into account the association of the activities performed with other activities in the subsector. |
| 32541 | Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing 5-digit NAICS industry | This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) manufacturing biological and medicinal products; (2) processing (i.e., grading, grinding, and milling) botanical drugs and herbs; (3) isolating active medicinal principals from botanical drugs and herbs; and (4) manufacturing pharmaceutical products intended for internal and external consumption in such forms as ampoules, tablets, capsules, vials, ointments, powders, solutions, and suspensions. |
| 325411 | Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing 6-digit U.S. detail | This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing uncompounded medicinal chemicals and their derivatives (i.e., generally for use by pharmaceutical preparation manufacturers) and/or (2) grading, grinding, and milling uncompounded botanicals. |
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Classification References
- 01Manufacturing packaged compounded medicinals and botanicals--are classified in U.S. Industry 325412, Pharmaceutical Preparation Manufacturing; and
- 02Manufacturing vaccines, toxoids, blood fractions, and culture media of plant or animal origin (except for diagnostic use)--are classified in U.S. Industry 325414, Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing.
Index Items
Acetylsalicylic acid manufacturing
Adrenal derivatives, uncompounded, manufacturing
Agar-agar manufacturing
Amphetamines, uncompounded, manufacturing
Anesthetics, uncompounded, manufacturing
Antibiotics, uncompounded, manufacturing
Anticholinergics, uncompounded, manufacturing
Anticonvulsants, uncompounded, manufacturing
Antidepressants, uncompounded, manufacturing
Ascorbic acid (i.e., vitamin C), uncompounded, manufacturing
Atropine and derivatives manufacturing
Barbiturates, uncompounded, manufacturing
Barbituric acid manufacturing
Brucine manufacturing
Caffeine and derivatives (i.e., basic chemicals) manufacturing
Cephalosporin, uncompounded, manufacturing
Cinchona and derivatives (i.e., basic chemicals) manufacturing
Cocaine and derivatives (i.e., basic chemicals) manufacturing
Cod liver oil, medicinal, uncompounded, manufacturing
Codeine and derivatives (i.e., basic chemicals) manufacturing
Concentrated medicinal chemicals, uncompounded, manufacturing
Cortisone, uncompounded, manufacturing
Dietary supplements, uncompounded, manufacturing
Digitoxin, uncompounded, manufacturing
Endocrine products, uncompounded, manufacturing
Enzyme proteins (i.e., basic synthetic chemicals), pharmaceutical use, manufacturing
Ephedrine and derivatives (i.e., basic chemicals) manufacturing
Ergot alkaloids (i.e., basic chemicals) manufacturing
Fish liver oils, medicinal, uncompounded, manufacturing
Glandular derivatives, uncompounded, manufacturing
Glycosides, uncompounded, manufacturing
Grinding and milling botanicals (i.e., for medicinal or dietary supplement use)
Herbal supplements, uncompounded, manufacturing
Hormones and derivatives, uncompounded, manufacturing
Hypnotic drugs, uncompounded, manufacturing
Insulin, uncompounded, manufacturing
Magnesia, medicinal, uncompounded, manufacturing
Medicinal chemicals, uncompounded, manufacturing
Medicinal gelatins manufacturing
Morphine and derivatives (i.e., basic chemicals) manufacturing
Nicotine and derivatives (i.e., basic chemicals) manufacturing
N-methylpiperazine manufacturing
Oils, vegetable and animal, medicinal, uncompounded, manufacturing
Ophthalmic agents, uncompounded, manufacturing
Opium and opium derivatives (i.e., basic chemicals) manufacturing
Penicillin, uncompounded, manufacturing
Physostigmine and derivatives (i.e., basic chemicals) manufacturing
Pituitary gland derivatives, uncompounded, manufacturing
Procaine and derivatives (i.e., basic chemicals) manufacturing
Quinine and derivatives (i.e., basic chemicals) manufacturing
Reserpines (i.e., basic chemicals) manufacturing
Salicylic acid, medicinal, uncompounded, manufacturing
Steroids, uncompounded, manufacturing
Strychnine and derivatives (i.e., basic chemicals) manufacturing
Sulfa drugs, uncompounded, manufacturing
Sulfonamides, uncompounded, manufacturing
Tetracycline, uncompounded, manufacturing
Theobromine and derivatives (i.e., basic chemicals) manufacturing
Vegetable alkaloids (i.e., basic chemicals) (e.g., caffeine, codeine, morphine, nicotine), manufacturing
Vitamins, uncompounded, manufacturing
How Item Can Help
Item.com's Warehouse Management System optimizes the storage and tracking of perishable botanical ingredients to ensure strict temperature compliance and shelf-life management. It streamlines complex fulfillment workflows for high-value medicinal products by enabling accurate inventory visibility and automated picking.
The Order Management System centralizes orders from multiple healthcare channels to provide real-time inventory availability and seamless order routing. This integration reduces fulfillment errors for regulated pharmaceutical items and improves delivery speed for time-sensitive medication requests.
Advanced analytics within Item.com's Data Intelligence suite forecasts demand fluctuations for seasonal botanical ingredients to optimize stock levels. It identifies supply chain bottlenecks in raw material sourcing, allowing businesses to proactively mitigate risks related to agricultural production cycles.
Item.com Tools
External Resources
Census.gov NAICS Detail
Official US Census Bureau definition and scope for NAICS 325411.
American Herbal Pharmacopoeia Foundation
A leading trade association for the herbal supplement industry providing resources, certifications, and advocacy for botanical manufacturers.
Food and Drug Administration - Drug Products
The US government's official portal offering guidance, regulations, and safety information on drug products containing medicinal botanical ingredients.
National Center for Home Food Preservation
An educational resource providing evidence-based information on the safe preparation and storage of medicinal foods and home remedies.
