信用組合
Description
信用組合は、特定のグループに手頃な価格の金融サービスを提供することに専念する、会員が所有する金融協同組合として機能します。営利銀行とは異なり、これらの機関は株主のニーズを優先するのではなく、最大の利益を生成することに重点を置いています。主な活動は、会員からの預金を通じて貯蓄を集め、これらの資金を使用してさまざまな種類の消費者融資を提供することです。典型的な業務には、住宅ローン、自動車融資、個人融資、および事業融資の融資申請の処理が含まれます。一部の組織は、チェック発行、安全な保管箱、および投資製品も提供していますが、主な焦点は、定義された会員ベース内で融資と預金を行うことにあります。運営者は、会員によって直接選挙された取締役会によって管理される、非営利の会員協会であり、協同モデルで組織されています。彼らは通常、単一の雇用主の従業員、特定の地理的地域の居住者、特定の労働組合のメンバー、または共通の絆を共有する個人（たとえば、軍隊または専門職の所属）を対象としています。多くの組織は、小規模なコミュニティにサービスを提供する地域企業ですが、一部の信用組合は、数百万人の会員と数百の支店を持つ大規模な地域または全国システムに成長し、独自の協同構造とミッション志向のアプローチを維持しながら、主要な商業銀行とより直接的に競合しています。
Hierarchy
| Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 52 | Finance and Insurance 2-digit sector | The Sector as a Whole The Finance and Insurance sector comprises establishments primarily engaged in financial transactions (transactions involving the creation, liquidation, or change in ownership of financial assets) and/or in facilitating financial transactions. Three principal types of activities are identified: 1. Raising funds by taking deposits and/or issuing securities and, in the process, incurring liabilities. Establishments engaged in this activity use raised funds to acquire financial assets by making loans and/or purchasing securities. Putting themselves at risk, they channel funds from lenders to borrowers and transform or repackage the funds with respect to maturity, scale, and risk. This activity is known as financial intermediation. 2. Pooling of risk by underwriting insurance and annuities. Establishments engaged in this activity collect fees, insurance premiums, or annuity considerations; build up reserves; invest those reserves; and make contractual payments. Fees are based on the expected incidence of the insured risk and the expected return on investment. 3. Providing specialized services facilitating or supporting financial intermediation, insurance, and employee benefit programs. In addition, monetary authorities charged with monetary control are included in this sector. The subsectors, industry groups, and industries within the Finance and Insurance sector are defined on the basis of their unique production processes. As with all industries, the production processes are distinguished by their use of specialized human resources and specialized physical capital. In addition, the way in which these establishments acquire and allocate financial capital, their source of funds, and the use of those funds provides a third basis for distinguishing characteristics of the production process. For instance, the production process in raising funds through deposit-taking is different from the process of raising funds in bond or money markets. The process of making loans to individuals also requires different production processes than does the creation of investment pools or the underwriting of securities. Most of the Finance and Insurance subsectors contain one or more industry groups of (1) intermediaries with similar patterns of raising and using funds and (2) establishments engaged in activities that facilitate, or are otherwise related to, that type of financial or insurance intermediation. Industries within this sector are defined in terms of activities for which a production process can be specified, and many of these activities are not exclusive to a particular type of financial institution. To deal with the varied activities taking place within existing financial institutions, the approach is to split these institutions into components performing specialized services. This requires defining the units engaged in providing those services and developing procedures that allow for their delineation. These units are the equivalents for finance and insurance of the establishments defined for other industries. The output of many financial services, as well as the inputs and the processes by which they are combined, cannot be observed at a single location and can only be defined at a higher level of the organizational structure of the enterprise. Additionally, a number of independent activities that represent separate and distinct production processes may take place at a single location belonging to a multilocation financial firm. Activities are more likely to be homogeneous with respect to production characteristics than are locations, at least in financial services. The classification defines activities broadly enough that it can be used both by those classifying by location and by those employing a more top-down approach to the delineation of the establishment. Establishments engaged in activities that facilitate, or are otherwise related to, the various types of intermediation are included in multiple subsectors, rather than in a separate subsector dedicated to services alone, because these services are performed by intermediaries, as well as by specialist establishments, and the extent to which the activity of the intermediaries can be separately identified is not clear. Financial industries are extensive users of electronic means for facilitating the verification of financial balances, authorizing transactions, transferring funds to and from transactors' accounts, notifying banks (or credit card issuers) of the individual transactions, and providing daily summaries. Since these transaction processing activities are integral to the production of finance and insurance services, establishments that principally provide a financial transaction processing service are classified in this sector, rather than in the data processing industry in the Information sector. Legal entities that hold portfolios of assets on behalf of others are significant and data on them are required for a variety of purposes. Thus, for NAICS, these funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles are the fifth subsector of the Finance and Insurance sector. These entities earn interest, dividends, and other property income, but have little or no employment and no revenue from the sale of services. Separate establishments and employees devoted to the management of funds are classified in Industry Group 5239, Other Financial Investment Activities. |
| 522 | Credit Intermediation and Related Activities 3-digit subsector | Industries in the Credit Intermediation and Related Activities subsector group establishments that (1) lend funds raised from depositors; (2) lend funds raised from credit market borrowing; or (3) facilitate the lending of funds or issuance of credit by engaging in such activities as mortgage and loan brokerage, clearinghouse and reserve services, and check cashing services. |
| 5221 | Depository Credit Intermediation 4-digit industry group | This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in accepting deposits (or share deposits) and in lending funds from these deposits. Within this group, industries are defined on the basis of differences in the types of deposit liabilities assumed and in the nature of the credit extended. |
| 52213 | Credit Unions 5-digit NAICS industry | See industry description for 522130. |
| 522130 | 信用組合 6-digit U.S. detail | 信用組合は、特定のグループに手頃な価格の金融サービスを提供することに専念する、会員が所有する金融協同組合として機能します。営利銀行とは異なり、これらの機関は株主のニーズを優先するのではなく、最大の利益を生成することに重点を置いています。主な活動は、会員からの預金を通じて貯蓄を集め、これらの資金を使用してさまざまな種類の消費者融資を提供することです。典型的な業務には、住宅ローン、自動車融資、個人融資、および事業融資の融資申請の処理が含まれます。一部の組織は、チェック発行、安全な保管箱、および投資製品も提供していますが、主な焦点は、定義された会員ベース内で融資と預金を行うことにあります。運営者は、会員によって直接選挙された取締役会によって管理される、非営利の会員協会であり、協同モデルで組織されています。彼らは通常、単一の雇用主の従業員、特定の地理的地域の居住者、特定の労働組合のメンバー、または共通の絆を共有する個人（たとえば、軍隊または専門職の所属）を対象としています。多くの組織は、小規模なコミュニティにサービスを提供する地域企業ですが、一部の信用組合は、数百万人の会員と数百の支店を持つ大規模な地域または全国システムに成長し、独自の協同構造とミッション志向のアプローチを維持しながら、主要な商業銀行とより直接的に競合しています。 |
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Index Items
企業信用組合
信用組合
連邦信用組合
州信用組合
組合、信用組合
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External Resources
Census.gov NAICS Detail
Official US Census Bureau definition and scope for NAICS 522130.
American Council of Credit Unions
The National Credit Union Administration serves as the federal regulator for all credit unions in the US.
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation - Credit Union Information
Official government portal providing regulatory information and safety data for federally insured credit unions.
S&P Global Credit Union Industry Database
A comprehensive industry directory and research resource detailing credit union markets and trends.
